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Genes are usually expressed as multiple alternative transcripts as a result of alternative splicing of the pre-mRNA. Pan primers amplify al...

Commercial Kits There are many commercial kits available to streamline and simplify various experimental procedures including DNA/RNA e...

For using restriction enzymes to digest and ligate genes of interest into plasmid vectors, it is good practice to check if your restriction...

In real-time PCR, it is not uncommon for multiple housekeeping genes to be used for normalising data. Knowing how to calculate an average f...

Classically, DNA is thought to comprise 4 nucleotide bases: adenine, thymine, cytosine, and guanine (A, T, C, and G). However, the discover...